School buildings account for nearly half of local authority property and are currently under considerable pressure. In addition to environmental requirements and the diversification of educational uses, there is growing pressure from demographic changes.
According to DEPP projections (2025), primary schools have seen a decline in pupil numbers since 2017, and secondary schools will be affected from 2026 onwards. However, these trends are not uniform: local authorities must simultaneously manage areas experiencing demographic decline and others experiencing growth.
Faced with these contrasting situations, local authorities are devising new ways to optimise, renovate or transform their facilities. This benchmark presents a selection of creative solutions in France and abroad.


